The Iran war will push Gulf states toward greater defense and security coordination and diversification, but they will remain structurally reliant on the United States, resulting in deeper cooperation without full strategic autonomy. Since the start of the war in Iran, Saudi Arabia has deepened its defense cooperation with Pakistan. Islamabad has reportedly deployed fighter jets, support aircraft and additional military personnel under the 2025 mutual defense pact between the two countries, with assets positioned at King Abdulaziz Air Base in the Eastern Province to strengthen air defense readiness and signal deterrence against Iran. These moves, alongside Pakistan's growing diplomatic role in regional mediation between Iran and the United States, highlight a visible expansion of Saudi-Pakistani military coordination during ongoing regional tensions. More broadly, a recent Wall Street Journal report indicated that Gulf states were increasingly exploring alternative security partnerships beyond the United States, reflecting concerns over exposure to air...
