GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES

India's Water-Stressed Future Is Now

Ambika Vishwanath

Board of Contributors

Sep 3, 2019 | 10:00 GMT

Workers carry water collected from Puzhal lake on June 20, 2019. Puzhal is one of four main reservoirs that supply the southern Indian city of Chennai with water; all are running dry.

Workers carry water collected from Puzhal reservoir outside Chennai, India, on June 20. Chennai's four main reservoirs, including Puzhal, are running dry; in addition, the government says it is one of 21 Indian cities expected to run out of groundwater by next year.

(ARUN SANKAR/AFP/Getty Images)

Highlights

With its demand for water expected to double over the next decade, India will experience increasingly severe water shortages unless it takes steps to improve its supplies.
Depleted groundwater, urbanization, poor management and pollution contribute to India's water crisis.
The day is not far off, if it isn't already here, when water will be the most critical factor shaping India's economic growth.

Despite severe droughts, a shifting monsoon pattern, rapid urbanization, increasing demand for water and depletion of groundwater supplies, Indians continue to think they will have enough water to see them through the coming year, especially when the monsoons fill the lakes and water bodies. But there is enough data to raise alarms: More than 600 million Indians face a high to extreme water stress situation, according to a 2018 report by NITI Aayog, the government's policymaking and research body. Twenty-one Indian cities are expected to run out of groundwater supplies by next year, affecting more than 100 million people. The demand for water in India is expected to double over the next decade, resulting in severe scarcity for hundreds of millions of people. The country has experienced snapshots of this future over the past few years....

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