China

Kazakhstan

Russia

Energy

Politics

Kazakhstan's President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev said his country would determine the participants in a consortium to construct Kazakhstan's first nuclear power plant in 2025 following competitive procedures, The Astana Times reported on Jan. 3.

Kazakhstan: Astana To Determine Nuclear Power Plant Consortium in 2025

Europe

Ukraine

European natural gas prices surged to their highest levels since October 2023, following the halt of Russian gas flows through Ukraine after the expiration of their transit agreement on Jan. 1, compounded by a drop in temperatures across much of the Continent, Bloomberg reported Jan. 2. 

EU, Ukraine, Russia: European Gas Prices Soar as Russian Flows Via Ukraine Come to an End

Bulgaria

Moldova

Economics

Bulgaria's Energy Minister Vladimir Malinov said on Dec. 30 that his country will provide Moldova with natural gas supply assistance following the expected suspension of Russian natural gas deliveries to Moldova on Jan. 1, 2025, Agenzia Nova reported on Dec. 31.

Moldova: Bulgaria Promises To Help Moldova After Russian Natural Gas Cut-Off

Cuba

United States

Venezuela

Iran

North Korea

Cyber

Environment, Science & Technology

Science & Technology

The U.S. Department of Justice finalized rules to ban companies from selling sensitive bulk personal data of American citizens to foreign adversarial countries in an effort to combat a range of malicious activities, according to a press release published on Dec. 27. 

U.S.: Government Finalizes Rules Banning Bulk Data Sale to Adversaries

Poland

Slovakia

European natural gas prices are fluctuating near monthly highs in anticipation for the Ukraine-Russia gas transit agreement's expiration on Dec. 31 and colder weather in the coming days and weeks, Bloomberg reported Dec. 30.

EU, Russia, Ukraine: Volatile European Gas Prices Ahead of Anticipated End to Ukraine-Russia Transit Agreement

Azerbaijan

Azerbaijan's President Ilham Aliyev urged Russia to accept the blame for the crash of an Azerbaijani airliner on Dec. 25 that killed 38 people, and he accused Moscow of trying to "cover up" its involvement in the incident, BBC reported on Dec. 29.

Azerbaijan, Russia: Baku Makes Demands Following Dec. 25 Plane Crash

Finland

Estonia

Military & Security

Estonia deployed a military ship to patrol the EstLink 1 subsea power cable after EstLink 2, connecting Finland and Estonia, was disconnected on Dec. 25 following an incident allegedly caused by an oil tanker dragging its anchor along the seabed, Reuters reported Dec. 27.

Estonia, Finland, Russia: Military Vessel Deployed to Patrol Subsea Power Cable Following Suspected Russian Sabotage

Russia-Ukraine Conflict

A Russian air defense system was responsible for the downing of Azerbaijan Airlines Flight J2-8243 on Dec. 25 near the Kazakh city of Aktau, which killed 38 people, Euronews reported Dec. 26, citing unidentified Azerbaijani government sources familiar with a preliminary investigation.

Azerbaijan, Russia: Azerbaijani Sources Claim Russian Air Defenses Downed Civilian Passenger Flight

Snapshots

This picture taken on Sept. 2, 2014, shows equipment from the border release and compressor station of the gas pipeline from Ukraine in Veke Kapusany, eastern Slovakia. 

Russia is hoping to weaken Moldova's pro-European government by inducing a destabilizing energy crisis in the winter. But if this plan fails, it could further undermine Russian influence in the country.

To Keep Its Hold on Moldova, Russia Gambles on a Gas Cut-Off

Assessments

Israel

Palestinian Territories

Syria

Turkey

As 2025 approaches, we look back at the previous year and consider the top five events as measured by geopolitical impact.

Global Elections

2024: A Geopolitical Review

Bolivia

A natural gas distribution hub is seen near Vienna, Austria, on Nov. 16, 2024.

A look at what the coming week will bring -- and a list of recommended RANE articles from the week that was.

The Weekly Rundown: Poland Assumes the EU Presidency, Russia-Ukraine Gas Transit Deal Expires

India

The Geopolitics of Water

Water utilities are uniquely vulnerable to cyberattacks due to frequent financial and security limitations, exposing water-stressed countries to threats from hacktivists and foreign adversaries.

 The Geopolitics of Water: Cyberattacks' Impact on Water Stress in the U.S. and Beyond

Democratic Republic of the Congo

Rwanda

South Korea

Germany

A sign reading ''leader of insurgents'' on a photo of South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol's face is held up during a protest calling for Yoon's ouster in Seoul, South Korea, on Dec. 8, 2024. 

The Weekly Rundown: Putin's Annual Press Conference, Another Impeachment Vote in South Korea

Columns

On Geopolitics

United Arab Emirates

Rebel fighters celebrate in the streets of Homs, Syria, in the early hours of Dec. 8, 2024, after seizing control of the city.

Syria, the geopolitical proving ground for virtually every major regional power, may be hobbled and damaged after 13 years of civil war. But it still gets a vote in its destiny. 

Syria Sets Out Toward a New and Uncertain Future

Russian troops gather around their military vehicles in northeast Syria on Nov. 1, 2019. 

The collapse of Assad's government in Syria is a blow to the Kremlin's influence in the Middle East and its credibility as a security partner, which will further drive Russia to secure a resounding victory in Ukraine.

What Assad's Fall Means for Russia

Lebanon

A military vehicle burns after it was hit by Syrian regime forces Dec. 7 in Syria's Hama governorate. After the regime's fall, competing rebel factions will vie to create a provisional government, a slow process prone to violence as foreign actors try to shape the postwar balance of power.

After the regime's fall, competing rebel factions will vie to create a provisional government, a slow process prone to violence as foreign actors try to shape the postwar balance of power.

Syrian Rebels Pushing to Damascus, Regime Facing Imminent Collapse

Ghana

France

Protesters call for the ouster of South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol outside the National Assembly in Seoul on Dec. 6, 2024.

The Weekly Rundown: An Impeachment Vote in South Korea, Syria's Government Wavers

Rebels patrol the streets of Hama after they captured the central Syrian city on Dec. 6, 2024. 

If and when al Assad's regime collapses, war-torn Syria will fragment into factional territories under a weakened rebel leadership.

What To Watch For as Syria's Government Barrels Toward Collapse

Namibia

Tanzania

Uruguay

The NATO symbol and flags of some member countries Oct. 18 in Brussels. The NATO-Ukraine Council will meet Nov. 26 to discuss Russia's first use of an experimental ballistic missile on Ukrainian territory, which on Nov. 21 Russian President Vladimir Putin confirmed involved a new medium-range, hypersonic ballistic missile known as "Oreshnik."

The Weekly Rundown: A NATO-Ukraine Summit, Putin's State Visit to Kazakhstan

People walk by destroyed houses in Pokrovsk, Ukraine, on Nov. 16, 2024.

Trump's victory has accelerated the timeline for an end to the war, though it also appears likely a cease-fire will happen on Russia's terms and may not lead to sustainable peace.

The Growing Prospect of a Cease-Fire in Ukraine

<p>Despite being the largest country in the world by area, the Russian Federation occupies territory that is indefensible and unforgiving. The core of Russia, running from the Volga grain belts up through Moscow proper to the Baltic Sea, lacks any natural features to fortify it from attack. This is why the country has traditionally anchored its territory to major geographic barriers far from its core in an attempt to keep foreign powers distant. As a result, Russia has inevitably had to reach east across the frozen tundra of Siberia to the Pacific Ocean, southeast to the Tien Shen mountains of Central Asia, south to the Caucasus Mountains bordering Iran and Turkey, and finally west to the Carpathian Mountains in Central Europe. But, there is one major hole in this geographic expanse: The Northern European plane. The Northern European plane is a gap between the Carpathian Mountains and the Baltic sea which, at its narrowest, is 480 kilometers (300 miles) across. This narrow point, referred to as the Polish funnel, lies just West of Warsaw and reaches down Krakow in the south. Russia has faced three major attackers along this axis; Napoleon, Wilhelm II, and Hitler. Most recently, the expansion of NATO and the European Union into Central and Eastern Europe has raised Russian hackles. Moscow would much prefer to control the lands between Russia and the Polish funnel &mdash; pushing as far west as possible &mdash; knowing full well that once an attacker has passed that narrow chokepoint, it is an open march to Russia&#39;s heartland. For this reason, Moscow seeks to occupy or influence its borderlands, or at the very least, maintain their neutrality. Looking beyond its indefensible borders and largely hollow interior, Russia boasts a diverse population of 144,463,450 people and a powerful military. These armed forces, backed by an autocratic political system, help protect the country&#39;s unwieldy land mass. Russia&#39;s economy is inherently fragile and highly dependent on commodity exports ranging from grain to energy. The country is traditionally at its most powerful when a strong, heavy-handed leader is in charge, such as current Russian President Vladimir Putin. Despite this, though, the Kremlin must continually deal with internal political divisions, rising ethnic tensions and regional dissidence.</p>

SITUATION REPORTS

Kazakhstan: Astana To Determine Nuclear Power Plant Consortium in 2025

EU, Ukraine, Russia: European Gas Prices Soar as Russian Flows Via Ukraine Come to an End

Moldova: Bulgaria Promises To Help Moldova After Russian Natural Gas Cut-Off

U.S.: Government Finalizes Rules Banning Bulk Data Sale to Adversaries

EU, Russia, Ukraine: Volatile European Gas Prices Ahead of Anticipated End to Ukraine-Russia Transit Agreement

Azerbaijan, Russia: Baku Makes Demands Following Dec. 25 Plane Crash

Estonia, Finland, Russia: Military Vessel Deployed to Patrol Subsea Power Cable Following Suspected Russian Sabotage

Azerbaijan, Russia: Azerbaijani Sources Claim Russian Air Defenses Downed Civilian Passenger Flight

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