Egypt

Economics

The International Monetary Fund completed reviews of Egypt's Extended Fund Facility and Resilience and Sustainability Facility, agreeing to disburse nearly $1.8 billion, Reuters reported on July 30.

Egypt: IMF To Disburse Nearly $1.8B Following Reviews

Cuba

United States

Politics

Cuba announced new plans to open up the private sector, including allowing businesses to import fuel and medication and allowing private tourist companies to more easily operate on the island, Reuters reported on July 30.

Cuba: Government Further Opens Economy to Private Industry

China

U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent and U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer held a video call with Chinese Vice Premier He Lifeng, China's trade envoy to the United States, late on July 30, in which Bessent said he emphasized expectations that China uphold its "commitments on rare earths and U.S. agricultural products," according to Axios.

U.S., China: Trade Call Shows Limited Aims for September Xi-Trump Summit

U.S.-China Relations

Argentina

Argentina's President Javier Milei proposed a reform package on July 30 to strengthen the central bank's governance and prevent it from financing government spending, La Nacion reported the same day.

Argentina: Central Bank Reform To Help Shield Economic Turnaround

South Africa

Energy

South African President Cyril Ramaphosa endorsed a report from the Eskom Restructuring Task Team outlining plans to establish an independent Transmission System Operator, or TSO, and to strengthen the independence of the state-owned National Transmission Company of South Africa from Eskom, Engineering News reported on July 31. 

South Africa: Government Advancing Power Sector Reforms Agenda

Somalia

Sudan

Saudi Arabia

Turkey

Yemen

Pakistan

Military & Security

Saudi Arabia's Ministry of Defense announced the formation of a 14-member military coalition -- including Egypt, Pakistan, Turkey, Somalia and Sudan -- to protect freedom of navigation through the Bab el-Mandeb strait, Red Sea and Gulf of Aden amid ongoing Houthi attacks against Saudi vessels and oil facilities, Al Jazeera reported on July 30.

Saudi Arabia: Defense Ministry Announces Maritime Coalition for Red Sea Shipping

Armenia

Russia

Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan said Yerevan could refer its dispute with Russia over the South Caucasus Railway concession to international arbitration, NEWS.am reported on July 30.

Armenia, Russia: Pashinyan Raises Arbitration Threat Over Russian Railway Concession

Brazil

The Brazilian government will only formally approve Daniel Perez as the next U.S. ambassador to Brazil after the October general election, Poder360 reported on July 29.

Brazil, U.S.: Diplomatic Tensions Escalate as Brazilian General Election Approaches

The world is connected, but even the broadest topics deserve an individual look. Below are our latest and most relevant economics analyses.

Below are our latest and most relevant economics analyses.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Americas

Asia-Pacific

Europe

Eurasia

Middle East and North Africa

South Asia

Beyond Quantitative Easing

The New Silk Road

The Fate of the Eurozone

South America: Split Decisions on Trade

Banking

Commodities: A Cautionary Tale

Social Issues

European Disintegration

Russia's Internal Struggle

China in Transition

A Japanese Awakening

East African Integration

Assessments

Ethiopia

Iran

India

(From left to right) Chinese President Xi Jinping, Russian President Vladimir Putin, and South African President Cyril Ramaphosa attend a plenary session at the BRICS summit in Kazan on Oct. 24, 2024.

The bloc's push to develop an independent payment system for trade will not immediately undermine the U.S. dollar's global dominance, though it could reduce the effectiveness of U.S. sanctions.

The Implications of an Independent BRICS Payment System

Iraq

U.S. President Donald Trump (right) speaks during a meeting with Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi (2nd-L) in the Oval Office of the White House on July 14, 2026.

While the Iraqi prime minister's visit to the White House yielded some deals, implementation constraints will likely eventually lead to renewed U.S. economic pressure, further straining Baghdad's finances.

New U.S. Agreements Unlikely to Ease Iraq's Economic Woes

Snapshots

Chile

Chilean lawmakers in Congress celebrate at the end of the voting session on the economic reform bill on July 21, 2026.

Chile is poised to soon enact one of its broadest economic reform packages in decades, which will likely boost investor confidence and regulatory certainty, but at the expense of rising fiscal pressures.

What To Expect as Chile Prepares to Enact Sweeping Economic Reform Bill

Israel

Yemeni protesters take part in a demonstration held to send a message of defiance against the continued siege and any military escalation involving Saudi forces against Houthi-controlled northern Yemen on July 17. 

Israel-Hamas Conflict

Forced to bypass the disrupted Strait of Hormuz, Saudi Arabia's increased reliance on alternative routes leaves its critical oil shipments vulnerable to Houthi attacks.


Yemen's Houthis Threaten Saudi Oil Exports With Red Sea Blockade

U.S.-Iran Relations

United Kingdom

A giant Indian flag is displayed from the country's embassy in London on May 7, 2025.

While the agreement will support both countries' economic diversification efforts, U.K. regulatory standards and supply chain challenges will limit some gains for India.

What To Expect as the India-U.K. Trade Deal Enters Force

A decorative plate featuring an image of Chinese President Xi Jinping is seen behind a statue of late communist leader Mao Zedong at a souvenir store next to Tiananmen Square in Beijing, China, on Feb. 27, 2018. 

Environment, Science & Technology

China will remain a geopolitical enigma to the West as Beijing turns inward to insulate the CCP from the influence of external powers, an exercise that history suggests will threaten national prosperity and regime stability.

The Modern Geopolitics of China

Germany

France

Spain

Italy

A 20 euro note.

The European Union is likely to advance banking reforms in 2027 that reduce internal barriers to cross-border banking, boosting its financial competitiveness by freeing up funds tied up in savings, but will stop short of significantly greater fiscal and financial risk sharing.

Brussels Seeks To Boost the EU Banking Sector's Competitiveness

Vietnam

A large container ship is seen docked at a port. 

Though interim measures or narrower agreements are plausible, Vietnam's dependence on Chinese inputs will likely prevent a comprehensive agreement, potentially exposing it to stricter U.S. scrutiny and new tariffs.

Vietnam's Reliance on Chinese Imports Complicates U.S. Trade Talks

Bolivia

Colombia

Ecuador

Guyana

Peru

Venezuela

Pilgrims with flags from different countries gather at Copacabana beach in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, on July 23, 2013, as they wait for the official opening of the Catholic Church's World Youth Day, which will be celebrated with a holy Mass. 

As many South American countries embrace right-leaning governments, their policies will increasingly align with those of the U.S. Trump administration, opening them to increased security cooperation, although economic integration remains unlikely.

What South America's Rightward Political Shift Means for U.S. Relations

The U.S. and Indian flags adorn the Eisenhower Executive Office Building of the White House in Washington, D.C., on June 20, 2023.

While the ban could prompt the U.S. to lower its proposed Section 301 tariff on India from 12.5% to 10%, unresolved concerns over manufacturing overcapacity will sustain the risk of broader, sector-specific tariffs.

India Imposes Forced Labor Import Ban to Reduce U.S. Tariff Exposure

Media

Podcasts

Which Sub-Saharan countries face the highest risk of protests and unrest in the coming months?

The Decision Advantage: The Outlook for Security in Sub-Saharan Africa

Ukraine

Cars stand in line for gasoline at a Lukoil gas station on July 8, 2026, outside of Moscow, Russia.

Russia-Ukraine Conflict

Russia will retain the ability to produce and export most of its oil, but sustained Ukrainian strikes will erode its refining capacity, exacerbate domestic fuel shortages and raise the risk of deeper production cuts.

Ukrainian Strikes Deepen Russia's Fuel Refining Crisis

Economics

SITUATION REPORTS

Egypt: IMF To Disburse Nearly $1.8B Following Reviews

Cuba: Government Further Opens Economy to Private Industry

U.S., China: Trade Call Shows Limited Aims for September Xi-Trump Summit

Argentina: Central Bank Reform To Help Shield Economic Turnaround

South Africa: Government Advancing Power Sector Reforms Agenda

Saudi Arabia: Defense Ministry Announces Maritime Coalition for Red Sea Shipping

Armenia, Russia: Pashinyan Raises Arbitration Threat Over Russian Railway Concession

Brazil, U.S.: Diplomatic Tensions Escalate as Brazilian General Election Approaches

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