Mozambique

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South Africa's international relations minister, Ronald Lamola, and Mozambique's minister of interior, Pascoal Ronda, agreed to strengthen bilateral cooperation to mitigate disruptions to trade between the two countries caused by Mozambique's postelection unrest, Daily Maverick reported on Dec. 18. 

South Africa, Mozambique: Ministers Vow Stronger Cooperation To Mitigate Trade Disruptions

Australian mining company Syrah Resources declared force majeure at its Balama graphite mine in Mozambique's northern Cabo Delgado region due to disruptions caused by widespread unrest in the southern African nation, Reuters reported Dec. 12. 

Mozambique: Australian Graphite Miner Declares Force Majeure Over Unrest

Military & Security

Mozambique's opposition leader Venancio Mondlane called for prolonged anti-government protests lasting two to three months following the disputed October presidential election, in which the ruling Liberation Front of Mozambique party, better known as Frelimo, claimed a sweeping victory, Club of Mozambique reported on Dec. 4.

Mozambique: Opposition Leader Calls for Months of Fresh Protests

Efforts to resolve Mozambique's post-election crisis failed as the political dialogue initiated by President Filipe Nyusi broke down on Nov. 26, Club of Mozambique reported on Nov. 27.

Mozambique Post-Election Crisis Dialogue Indefinitely Postponed 

Mozambican President Filipe Nyusi is expected to meet with four presidential candidates who ran in the country's contested Oct. 9 general election, including opposition leader Venancio Mondlane, on Nov. 26 to discuss the ongoing post-election crisis, Club of Mozambique reported Nov. 22.

Mozambique: Nyusi To Discuss Post-Election Crisis With Presidential Candidates

Rwanda

Europe

The European Council has allocated an additional 20 million euros to support the Rwanda Defence Force's mission in Mozambique's Cabo Delgado province, aimed at countering an Islamic State-linked insurgency in the region, Radio French International reported Nov. 19.

Rwanda, Mozambique: EU Allocates More Funding to Rwandan Forces in Mozambique

Mozambique's opposition leader Venancio Mondlane, the presidential election runner-up, claims he survived an assassination attempt in Johannesburg, South Africa, where he fled after disputing the results of Mozambique's Oct. 9 presidential election, BBC reported on Nov. 5.

Mozambique: Opposition Leader Escapes Alleged Assassination Attempt in South Africa

Energy

Mozambique's National Electoral Commission announced that the ruling Frelimo party won a majority in parliament and that its presidential candidate Daniel Chapo secured 70.67% of the vote in the presidential poll, Club of Mozambique reported on Oct. 24.

Mozambique: Electoral Commission Announces Frelimo Secures Presidency, Parliamentary Majority

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Are there viable paths to a peaceful resolution?

Essential Geopolitics: Evolution of the Post-Election Violence in Mozambique

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A man in Maputo walks past a wall covered with electoral posters in support of Daniel Chapo, the ruling party candidate in Mozambique’s presidential election, on Oct. 4, 2024. 

Israel-Hamas Conflict

Russia-Ukraine Conflict

A look at what the coming week will bring -- and a list of recommended RANE articles from the week that was.

The Weekly Rundown: Biden Visits Germany as Mozambique, Tunisia and Brazil Hold Elections

China

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Frelimo electoral posters are plastered on a wall in Maputo, Mozambique, on Aug. 24, 2024, the first day of the presidential campaign season ahead of the general election on Oct. 9, 2024.

Global Elections

Mozambique's upcoming general election will likely bring another five years of Frelimo rule, though an independent candidate is drawing LNG contracts to the forefront of the campaign season.

Mozambique's General Election Brings LNG Contracts Centerstage

Rwandan troops guard an LNG project in Mozambique's Cabo Delgado province on Sept. 29, 2022. 

The resurgence of the Islamic State Mozambique insurgency in Cabo Delgado portends more potentially destabilizing attacks that could deter investment in the resource-rich region.

The Future of Counterterrorism Efforts in Northern Mozambique

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Yael Braun-Pivet, a French lawmaker for the ruling Renaissance party, delivers a speech after being reelected as National Assembly president following the third round of voting on July 18, 2024.

The Weekly Rundown: France Resumes Political Horse-Trading, Blinken Returns to Middle East

Opposition supporters gather to protest the results of the local elections in Maputo, Mozambique, on Oct. 17, 2023.

Despite recent opposition protests, the ruling party will likely maintain its dominance in the general elections and beyond, bolstered by an influx of revenue from the expected resumption of a major LNG project.

Mozambique's Disputed Local Elections Offer a Preview for the 2024 National Ballot

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Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni (2nd L) and Libya's Tripoli-based Prime Minister Abdul Hamid Dbeibah (3rd L) attend an agreement-signing ceremony between Italian multinational oil and gas company Eni and the Libyan National Oil Corporation in Tripoli, Libya, on Jan. 28, 2023.

As Europe turns away from Russian energy, Italy positions itself as a natural gas conduit between the Continent and Africa.

With Energy Deals in Africa, Italy Positions Itself as Europe's Next Gas Hub

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Women sit under U.N.-branded cardboard boxes in Semera, Ethiopia, on Feb. 14, 2022, as they wait to be registered by the authorities at a hotel compound hosting civilians fleeing violence. 

Social Issues

GBV is often primarily seen as a women’s and human rights issue. But in sub-Saharan Africa, it is also a key constraint to stable (and democratic) governance, economic growth, and lasting peace.

The Geopolitics of Gender-Based Violence in Africa

A military convoy from a multinational intervention force on Aug. 5, 2021, in Pemba, Mozambique. Islamic State-backed militants appear to be shifting to a guerrilla insurgency in northern Mozambique, while intervening countries face a risk of reprisal attacks at home.

The Fight Against the Islamic State

Security

Islamic State-backed militants appear to be shifting to a guerrilla insurgency in northern Mozambique, while intervening countries face a risk of reprisal attacks at home.

In Mozambique, a Victory Against Jihadists Likely Signals a New Guerrilla Campaign

On Security

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Royal Malaysian Police Special Forces personnel storm a mock hijacked ship during an anti-piracy demonstration exercise June 13, 2007, in Port Klang, Malaysia.

Piracy tends to occur in globally significant locations and counterpiracy options all come at a cost to shippers.

A Primer on Global Maritime Piracy, Part 2

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The Iranian flag on March 1, 2021. ran's Guardian Council is expected to publish by May 27 its preliminary list of qualified candidates to run in the upcoming presidential election. 

A look at what the coming week will bring -- and a list of recommended Stratfor articles from the week that was.

The Weekly Rundown: Iranian Candidates, an Australian's Trial in China

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The Tianwen-1 probe is successfully launched on July 23, 2020, in Wenchang, Hainan, China.

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The Weekly Rundown: Cypriot Sovereignty Talks and a Chinese Space Launch

Located in southeastern Africa, Mozambique is bordered by Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, South Africa and Swaziland. With a coastline of roughly 2,400 kilometers (1,500 miles), the majority of Mozambique's 23 million people reside in port cities. The capital, Maputo, is the largest city and the country's core — a result of its natural harbor and proximity to the dominant economy of South Africa.    Founded in the 16th century by Portuguese seafarers seeking maritime resupply stations to and from Asia, explorers soon ventured inland for land and resources. Portuguese expansion was contained by rival colonial powers, which controlled the mountainous highlands to Mozambique's west. As a result, Mozambique is a low-lying landscape prone to malaria. The country's borders, made by European mapmakers, are Mozambique's main geographic challenge, as they do not factor in ethnic boundaries.     Following its independence from Portugal in 1975, Mozambique struggled — often in armed conflict — to balance the country's two main ethnic groups. The Shangaan of southern Mozambique absorbed the colonial infrastructure concentrated in the core region. This enabled them to repel and contain the Shona of central Mozambique and other ethnic groups in the northern parts of the country.     Since the end of its civil war in 1992, Mozambique has had one of Africa's highest economic growth rates. Recent exploration found a large coal basin in central Mozambique and a globally significant offshore natural gas basin in the north. These resources will force government attention away from the southern core to regions it must no longer sequester and now engage. Exploiting these natural resources without exacerbating ethnic tensions will test Mozambique's fragile unity.

The Suitors of Sub-Saharan Africa

SITUATION REPORTS

South Africa, Mozambique: Ministers Vow Stronger Cooperation To Mitigate Trade Disruptions

Mozambique: Australian Graphite Miner Declares Force Majeure Over Unrest

Mozambique: Opposition Leader Calls for Months of Fresh Protests

Mozambique Post-Election Crisis Dialogue Indefinitely Postponed

Mozambique: Nyusi To Discuss Post-Election Crisis With Presidential Candidates

Rwanda, Mozambique: EU Allocates More Funding to Rwandan Forces in Mozambique

Mozambique: Opposition Leader Escapes Alleged Assassination Attempt in South Africa

Mozambique: Electoral Commission Announces Frelimo Secures Presidency, Parliamentary Majority

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