<p>The Middle East and North Africa is the world&#39;s crossroads. It encompasses the Arabian Peninsula, the mountains of Iran, the plains of Turkey, the deserts of the Levant, the lands north of the Sahara and all coasts in between. The story of the region, as is so often the case of places stuck between foreign players, is the story of trade, exchange and conflict. The traditional powers of the region are Turkey and Iran &mdash; Saudi Arabia and Egypt are the current Arab powers &mdash; and their competition for influence over the region&#39;s weaker states makes the Middle East and North Africa an arena of violence and instability.</p>

The Middle East and North Africa encompasses the Arabian Peninsula, the mountains of Iran, the plains of Turkey, the deserts of the Levant, the lands north of the Sahara and all coasts in between.

Middle East and North Africa

Algeria

Bahrain

Egypt

Iran

Iraq

Israel

Jordan

Kuwait

Lebanon

Libya

Morocco

Oman

Palestinian Territories

Qatar

Saudi Arabia

Syria

Tunisia

Turkey

United Arab Emirates

Western Sahara

Yemen

The Syrian Civil War

The Yemen Civil War

The Libyan Civil War

The Fight Against the Islamic State

The Saudi Survival Strategy

The Kurdish Struggle

Iran's Arc of Influence

Israel's Survival Strategy

The Difficulties of North African Reform

Egypt's Uphill Battle

The Battle for Mosul

Assessments

United States

Supporters of the Muslim Brotherhood in Jordan hold the movement's flag during a demonstration in the capital, Amman, on Nov. 28, 2014.

Economics

Military & Security

Politics

Militant factions of the Muslim Brotherhood will likely go underground in Jordan following the government's ban on the organization, but Iranian influence and persistent socioeconomic grievances will sustain risks of violence.

In Jordan, a Ban Pushes the Muslim Brotherhood Underground

Media

Podcasts

How does Turkey's political uncertainty affect its economic outlook?

Essential Geopolitics: Turkey's Current Political Environment

U.S. President Donald Trump talks to reporters aboard Air Force One on May 14, 2025, as he flies to Doha, Qatar, for his first trip to the Middle East since returning to the White House. 

Trump's decision to lift sanctions will help kickstart Syria's war-torn economy and strengthen its new government, but sectarian infighting, Israeli aggression and a resurging Islamic State could still hamper progress.

In Syria, the Promise and Limits of U.S. Sanctions Relief

A Syrian Kurdish woman waves a flag bearing a picture of the founder of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK), Abdullah Ocalan, as people gather in the Kurdish-majority city of Qamishli in northeastern Syria to listen to a message from the jailed leader on Feb. 27, 2025. 

While the disbandment will reduce the near-term risk of Kurdish militant attacks, the peace process could still collapse, which would rob the government of the political support it needs to secure Erdogan's 2028 reelection bid.

What the PKK's Disbandment Means for Turkish Politics and Security

Columns

On Geopolitics

A U.S. Marine Corps F-35B aircraft over the North Sea having taken off from RAF Fairford on July 1, 2016 in Gloucestershire, England. The tactic designed to allow intervention without deepening withdrawalism will instead do the opposite, and Washington will face more and more calls to retrench from the Middle East.

The tactic designed to allow intervention without deepening withdrawalism will instead do the opposite, and Washington will face more and more calls to retrench from the Middle East.

Washington Bumps up Against the Limits of Airpower in the Middle East

Kazakhstan

The OPEC logo is seen outside the bloc's headquarters in Vienna, Austria, on Oct. 4, 2022.

Energy

The production boost will further decrease oil prices, which will provide some financial relief for oil-consuming countries affected by U.S. tariffs, while further straining the budgets of poorer oil producers like Iraq. 

The Mixed Economic Impact of OPEC's Production Increase

Israeli soldiers conduct a raid in the West Bank on March 19, 2025. 

Israel-Hamas Conflict

Israel's newly approved plan to expand its offensive against Hamas will invite more Houthi attacks on its territory, worsen Gaza's humanitarian crisis, and fuel backlash both at home and abroad. 

To Break Hamas, Israel Prepares to Reoccupy Gaza

Fighters gather outside a building that was seized by jihadists in Syria's northern Aleppo province on Nov. 29, 2024, amid the Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) offensive against government forces.

The two countries will seek to avoid direct conflict amid U.S. pressure to de-escalate tensions, but their competing military presence in Syria and elevated risk tolerances leave the door open to miscalculations and limited clashes.

Can Israel and Turkey Avoid a Conflict in Syria?

Benin

Burkina Faso

Cameroon

Central African Republic

Chad

Comoros

Cote d'Ivoire

Djibouti

Gabon

Guinea

Madagascar

Mali

Mauritania

Niger

Nigeria

Republic of the Congo

Senegal

Togo

France

A Gabonese brigade participates in a training exercise as part of a military program linked to the Franco-Gabonese partnership at the French military base Camp de Gaulle in Libreville on March 19, 2025. 

France's reduced influence in Africa will create space for local and foreign actors to take on greater leadership roles, but their inability to fill the security vacuum left by France's withdrawal would threaten to destabilize the region.

France, Africa and the Future, Part 2: The Age of Multi-Alignment 

A woman walks by anti-U.S. murals on the walls of the former U.S. embassy in downtown Tehran, Iran, on April 11, 2025. 

The U.S. will likely have to allow some Iranian uranium enrichment to ink a nuclear deal, likely resulting in Saudi Arabia seeking similar provisions for its own civilian nuclear program.

With Iran and Saudi Arabia, the U.S. Faces a Uranium Enrichment Dilemma

U.S.-Iran Relations

Hamas leader Mohammed Sinwar and several other top commanders were killed in southern Gaza on May 13 after the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) conducted an airstrike on a high-level meeting among the militant group's members, The Wall Street Journal reported on May 22.

Israel, Palestinian Territories: Hamas Leader Mohammed Sinwar Killed in Israeli Airstrike 

Russia

An attack on Russia's Hmeimim air base in Latakia, Syria, killed at least four people, including two militants and two people at the base, AP reported May 22.

Russia, Syria: Militants Conduct Deadly Attack on Russia's Hmeimim Air Base

Sudan

Sudanese U.N. ambassador Al-Harith Idriss accused the United Arab Emirates of directly conducting drone strikes on Port Sudan in early May, Africanews reported on May 20.

Sudan: Army Accuses UAE of May 4 Drone Attacks on Port Sudan

Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas visited Beirut, marking his first trip to Lebanon since 2017, to discuss disarming Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon with President Joseph Aoun, France 24 reported on May 21. 

Lebanon: Palestinian President in Beirut To Discuss Disarming Palestinian Refugee Camps

Cyber

Environment, Science & Technology

Abu Dhabi's Technology Innovation Institute released a new version of its Arabic-language large language model, Falcon Arabic, claiming that the model matches the performance of those 10 times its size, Bloomberg reported on May 21.

UAE: New Falcon AI Model Signals Ambitious Tech Goals

Germany

United Kingdom

Belgium

The European Union will review its trade and cooperation agreement with Israel to determine if Israel violated human rights requirements under Article 2 of the EU-Israel Association Agreement, which gives Israel preferential treatment and a framework for political discourse and the free exchange of goods, Reuters reported May 20. 

U.K., EU, Israel: U.K. and EU Revisiting Trade Talks, Cooperation Agreements with Israel

A Houthi spokesperson announced a "maritime blockade" on Israel's southern port of Haifa, Reuters reported on May 19. 

Yemen, Israel: Houthis Announce 'Maritime Blockade' on Haifa

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said on May 19 that Israel will "take control" of all of the Gaza Strip, AFP reported.

Israel, Palestinian Territories: Netanyahu Pledges to Take Over Gaza as IDF Expands Military Operations

Middle East and North Africa

SITUATION REPORTS

Israel, Palestinian Territories: Hamas Leader Mohammed Sinwar Killed in Israeli Airstrike

Russia, Syria: Militants Conduct Deadly Attack on Russia's Hmeimim Air Base

Sudan: Army Accuses UAE of May 4 Drone Attacks on Port Sudan

Lebanon: Palestinian President in Beirut To Discuss Disarming Palestinian Refugee Camps

UAE: New Falcon AI Model Signals Ambitious Tech Goals

U.K., EU, Israel: U.K. and EU Revisiting Trade Talks, Cooperation Agreements with Israel

Yemen, Israel: Houthis Announce 'Maritime Blockade' on Haifa

Israel, Palestinian Territories: Netanyahu Pledges to Take Over Gaza as IDF Expands Military Operations

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